The activity supports several different kinds of exploration, with open ended possibilities for learning. Each student controls one point in the function. In this activity students can explore functions. You can also Try running it in NetLogo Web If you download the NetLogo application, this model is included. It has not yet been tested and polished as thoroughly as our other models.įor information about HubNet, click here. To inquire about commercial licenses, please contact Uri Wilensky at is a 3D version of the 2D model Percolation.Note: This model is unverified. To view a copy of this license, visit or send a letter to Creative Commons, 559 Nathan Abbott Way, Stanford, California 94305, USA.Ĭommercial licenses are also available. This work is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 3.0 License. Center for Connected Learning and Computer-Based Modeling, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL. If you mention this model or the NetLogo software in a publication, we ask that you include the citations below. For more information, see the "CA Stochastic" model. This model qualifies as a "stochastic" or "probabilistic" one-dimension cellular automaton. In both cases, there is a rather sharp cutoff between halting and spreading forever. This is also a simple example of how plots can be used to reveal, graphically, the average behavior of a model as it unfolds. It also uses a simple random-number generator to give a probability, which in turn determines the average large-scale behavior. This is a good example of a cellular automaton model, because it uses only patches. Can you predict the depth of the spill before you press GO? NETLOGO FEATURES But then again, the depth of the spill is related to the soil's porosity. Such control over the to-be-spilled amount of oil gives the user a basis to predict how deep the oil will eventually percolate (i.e. For instance, a slider may be useful here, but you'd have to modify the code to accommodate this new slider. Try adding a feature that will allow the user to specify precisely, when s/he presses SETUP, the amount of oil that will spill on that go. How does it affect the flow? In a real situation, if you took soil samples, Could you reliably predict how deep an oil spill would go or be likely to go?Ĭurrently, the model is set so that the user has no control over how much oil will spill. Give the soil different porosity at different depths. Does the value settle down roughly to a constant? How does this value depend on the porosity? EXTENDING THE MODEL Note the plot of the size of the leading edge of oil. If percolation stops at a certain porosity, it's still possible that it would percolate further at that porosity given a larger world. What do you notice about the pattern of affected soil? Can you find a setting where the oil just keeps sinking, and a setting where it just stops? The two plots show how large the leading edge of the spill is (red) and how much soil has been saturated (brown). It stops automatically when the oil spill stops advancing. It can be run as long as you like it resets to the top of the world when it reaches the bottom. The POROSITY slider can be changed at any time to adjust the probability that droplets of oil will percolate down through the soil. Press the GO button to run the model or the GO ONCE button to advance the oil drops one step. The oil spill is represented by red patches, which start at the top of the world. This models the fact that in more porous soil, oil has a greater chance of continuing downward. That is, the higher the porosity, the higher the chance of a drop to percolate through it. Each drop's chance of actually moving on down is contingent on a certain probability, set by the POROSITY slider. The patches through which the drops spread represent the empty spaces in the soil the porosity (or "holeyness") is adjustable. The oil drops sink downward through the soil by moving diagonally down and northeast, southeast, northwest or southwest. This model represents an oil spill as a finite number of oil "particles", or simply oil drops. It was inspired by a similar model meant to be done by hand on graph paper (see "Forest Fires, Oil Spills, and Fractal Geometry", Mathematics Teacher, Nov. It shows how an oil spill can percolate down through permeable soil. This model is a 3D version of the 2D model Percolation. Note: If you download the NetLogo application, every model in the Models Library is included.
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